Essay about Nike Stock Analysis - 844 Words

â€Å"On January 25, 1964 Nike, formerly known as Blue Ribbon Sports was founded by Bill Bowerman and Phillip Knight. It officially became Nike Incorporated on May 30, 1978†(Nike Business). During the late 70s to early 80s Nike’s initial focus was Track and Field but later expanded into various sports such as : soccer, golf, hockey and basketball just to name a few.† In 1980, Nike entered the decade on the success of its Nike Air technology, and at the end of that year Nike completed its initial public offering (IPO) and became a publicly traded company on the New York Stock Exchange. The reason for going public was typically viewed as a means of raising addition capital without having to borrow, and also increase the company’s profile by†¦show more content†¦Apparel will be a big part of Nike’s overall focus as they believe they can be on par with their footwear department. Footwear will also receive some attention as Nike wants to impro ve their range in that department†(Nike Business). â€Å"Nike Inc. has 12 members on the Board of Director; this includes Phillip Knight who is the co founder and chairman of the board, and Mark Parker who is the CEO. The CEO is evaluated typical by the Compensation Committee. This committee considers (1) achievement against approved financial performance measures and company targets such as revenue, net income and earnings per share. They also consider other factors such as leadership, market position, and brand strength, which are signals of company success. The CEO’s performance is then reflected in the amount of compensation he receives†(Nike Business). Nike Inc. has no major ongoing litigation During the 2011 fiscal year, Nike seemed to have a down year compared to 2010 as seen in Figure 1.1: Period Ending May 31, 2011 May 31, 2010 Net Income 2,133,000 1,907,000 Depreciation 358,000 396,000 Adjustments To Net Income 29,000 167,000 Changes In Accounts Receivables (273,000) 182,000 Changes In Liabilities 151,000 297,000 Changes In Inventories (551,000) 285,000 Changes In Other Operating Activities (35,000) (70,000) Total Cash Flow From Operating Activities 1,812,000 3,164,000 Capital Expenditures (432,000) (335,000) Investments (560,000) (932,000)Show MoreRelatedCase Study on Nike1252 Words   |  6 PagesCase Study Nike Introduction Good morning ladies and gentlemen and thank for taking the time to meet with us. Nike was founded on January 25, 1964 as Blue Ribbon Sports by Bill Bowerman and Philip Knight. The company officially became Nike, Inc. on May 30, 1978. Nike has various products which include footwear as well as other apparel that compliment the former. This accounts for 92 percent of the company’s revenue. The other 8 percent comes from equipment and non Nike brand products, such as ColeRead MoreA Portfolio Managers Analysis of Nike Inc. Essay1029 Words   |  5 Pagesdifficult decision to make while looking at Nike Inc. financials: whether Kimi should buy Nike shares or not for the fund Group she was working for. Kimi needed to consider all aspects of Nike Inc. financial position. On July 28,2011 Nike Inc. held a analyst’s meeting to disclose their fiscal year 2001 as well as to revitalize the company who wasn’t performing well. Thus, the meeting showed that Nike Inc. experience d some difficulties during the past years. First, Nike Inc. revenues have reached a plateauRead MoreNike Case Study1542 Words   |  7 Pagesinvesting in the stocks of Nike for the fund that she manages. †¢ Ford should base her decision on data on the company which were disclosed in the 2001 fiscal reports. While Nike management addressed several issues that are causing the decrease in market sales and prices of stocks, management presented its plans to improve and perform better. †¢ Third party sources also gave their opinions on whether the stock was a sound investment. WACC CALCULATION: Cost of Capital Calculations: Nike Inc CohenRead MoreCase Study : Ford Corporation, And Nike Corporation Essay859 Words   |  4 Pagesselected for this project were Microsoft Corporation, Ford Corporation, and Nike Corporation. Their company symbol which is exhibited by the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations (NASD) and New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) for Microsoft is MSFT, for Ford is (F) and Nike is NKE. Financial Results of Investment The companies that I selected for this project were Microsoft Corporation, Ford Corporation, and Nike Corporation. Their company symbol which is exhibited by the National AssociationRead MoreCapital Structure1215 Words   |  5 PagesInformation My company choice is Nike Inc. (Nike), a multinational sports footwear, equipment and apparel manufacturing company based in Oregon, United States. This puts Nike in the apparel industry. In 2010, Forbes rated Nike as the top sports business with a total value of $10.7 billion. The most effective marketing strategy Nike employ is the sponsorship agreements they have with numerous top athletes in a variety of sports. Operating Risks of Nike When Nike was initially started out, theRead MoreNike Case1172 Words   |  5 PagesNike Inc. Case 1. What is the WACC and why is it important to estimate a firm’s cost of capital? WACC is weighted average cost of capital, which is the expected rate of return on average from all the company’s existing debts and securities. It takes into account all different types of financing in the company’s capital structure. The reason it is important to estimate WACC is because it measures what it costs the firm to take on a project based on its current Debt and Equity mix. When theRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Nike Corporation1746 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of Nike Corporation Financial Analysis Description of Company History Nike Corporation has become one of the most competitive sports and fitness companies worldwide. Two runners, Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight, from a small town in Oregon embarked upon the business with a handshake agreement. The enterprise began in January of 1964 with the introduction of Blue Ribbon Sports. In 1966 the handshake between Bowerman and Knight was made official with a formal written partnershipRead MoreWhy Adidas And Nike Is The Best Choice For Me1643 Words   |  7 Pagesabout their histories. 1) Why Adidas and Nike? Two reasons lead me to make this choice. First of all, I am really fond of sport. I have been played soccer since ten years and always wear Adidas and Nike so it is two companies I know very well. Then, when I was thinking about which companies I was going to choose, I wanted two multinationals and one American company and one European company. So Adidas and Nike was the best choice for me. Today, Adidas and Nike are the two leaders of the sports marketRead MoreNike : The World s Most Successful Sportswear Industry1247 Words   |  5 PagesMiu Kataoka, Spencer Kim Cody Miyasato Principle of Finance – BUS 305 NIKE, Inc. Overview: Nike, founded in January 25 1964 by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight, is the world’s largest sportswear designer holding a dominant position in the worldwide athletic footwear industry with a market share of 33%. It markets and distributes athletic footwear, apparel, equipment and accessories, constantly emphasizing on technological innovation, developing and manufacturing products that help reduce injury, maximizeRead MoreNike, Inc. Case Analysis844 Words   |  4 PagesNIKE, Inc., is a company that was founded in by William Jay Bowerman and Philip H. Knight in 1964, and was originally called Blue Ribbon Sports, Inc. It’s name was changed to Nike, Inc. in 1971. It’s base of operation is located in Beaverton, Oregon. NIKE, Inc., is the world’s leading designer, marketer and distributor of authentic athletic footwear, apparel, equipment and accessories for a wide variety of sports and fitness activities worldwide. Entirely owned Nike subsidiaries include Conv erse

The Supreme Court Struck Down The Mccain Feingold Act

The demons of a misinterpreted judicial review have corrupted the legislature, the courts, and our political process. In 2010, the Supreme Court struck down the McCain-Feingold Act as unconstitutional. The landmark Citizens United v Federal Elections Commission decision ruled that political spending is a form of free speech and corporations have license to contribute exorbitant amounts to politicians. Citizens United ensures denies the voices of citizens as representatives are beholden to outside interests rather than their constituency. I, Justice John B. Gibson, hold that the power of judicial review is too widely interpreted and, to keep government officials accountable, must be vested in the masses to rediscover some twinge of our once budding representative democracy. The Supreme Court often oversteps its perceived legal sovereignty when using judicial review. Article III of the Constitution solely vests the courts the â€Å"judicial power of the United States† never me ntioning the power of judicial review. The judiciary’s duty, according to the law of the land, is â€Å"to interpret the laws, not scan the authority of the lawgiver† (Gibson, J.). The judiciary has not followed a strict interpretation of the constitution; rather, it has encroached on the power of the legislative branch and the sanctity of the separation of powers. If the Constitution â€Å"were to come into collision with an act of the legislature† (Gibson, J.), the Constitution would take precedent, but it isShow MoreRelatedUnited V. Fec : The Rise Of The Super Pac1049 Words   |  5 PagesUnited v. FEC was a landmark court case that dealt with regulations on campaign financing from corporations, labor unions, and other associations. It started when Citizens United, a conservative non-profit organization, attempted to broadcast a film criticizing Hillary Clinton shortly before the Democratic primaries in which she was running for president (Oyez, 2009). At th e time, this went against the McCain-Feingold Act, or the BCRA (Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act), which prohibited corporationsRead MoreCampaign Finance Reform Essay3020 Words   |  13 PagesCampaign Act (FECA) of 1971 together with the 1971 Revenue Act initiated fundamental changes in Federal campaign finance laws. The FECA, effective April 7, 1972, not only required full reporting of campaign contributions and expenditures, but also limited spending on media advertisements, which were later repealed (Federal Election Commission, 2006). The people were not completely satisfied with the FECA of 1971. In 1974 the FECA Act was amended. 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The law, which only applies to general elections, was widely flouted through loopholes. It was the first law to attempt to regulate federal campaigns. However, weak enforcement mechanisms made the Act ineffective. Disclosure requirements and spending limits for House and Senate candidatesRead MoreThe First Step Towards Lasting Campaign Finance Reform2697 Words   |  11 Pagesexpedient way to prevent undue influence while preserving the freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution? Of particular focus recently is the Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission case, for which The Supreme Court heard oral argument on March 24, 2009 and the subsequent 9-0 ruling by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit in the Speechnow.org v. Federal Election Commission in March 26, 2010 case. Together these two precedent-setting cases are credited with establishing theRead MoreCampaign Finance Reform: The History, Present, and Future Essay1810 Words   |  8 Pages(Fuller). In 1907, the Tillman Act was passed. This act prohibits corporations and national banks from contributing money directly to presidential or congressional campaigns. This law only applied to general elections and was ineffective due to loopholes (Rowan). The Federal Corrupt Practices Act was passed in 1910. It requires House candidates to disclose campaign spending and the source of all campaign contributions. This Act was later amended in 1911 to make the act require that Senate candidatesRead MoreVoting The Voting Rights Act1446 Words   |  6 Pagesoffice. Over the course of American government, the most recent changes and influences to the electorate include the passage of the Voting Rights Act, as well as the recent Supreme Court decision in Shelby County v. Holder. For example, the video Fight for the Right to Vote, features one experts explaining that prior to the passage of the Voting Rights Act, around half of the eligible voters were unable to vote, thanks to the systematic repression (CITATION). Poll taxes, literacy tests, and inaccurateRead MoreThe Issue Of Gay Marriage4005 Words   |  17 Pageschapter five. Lambda Legal Defense eve talks about how they will enforce gay marriage through the manipulation of the courts. The whole trend started in 1996 in Hawaii, with a ruling there saying theres no reason to ban gay civil marriages. The biggest problem, is that this is not the job of the Supreme Court Justices to decide, but elected representatives. In 20 years, the Supreme court has decided in two cases addressing constitutionality of state sodomy in Bowers v. Hardwick and Lawrence v. TexasRead MoreEssay on The Power of Money in Campaign Finance2723 Words   |  11 PagesIt may seem that with the Buckley decision, soft money and PACs the hope for reform has been lost, however there is still hope. The Supreme Court upheld the voluntary public financing of presidential election, which was considered a great step forward because taking public funds requires the candidate to limit their spending on the federal level. There is also the â€Å"hard money† in political campaigns, which is strictly regulated by law through the Federal Election Commission. Hard money is the contrast

Measurement Of Impairment Individual Asset â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Measurement Of Impairment Individual Asset? Answer: Introducation Assets whether tangible or intangible are the critical resource possessed by an entity in the course of its business. The assets have their own economic value and hence they are required to be accounted for adequately. Considering the need of proper accounting and disclosures of entitys significant assets in the financial reports, Accounting Standard Board has issued certain standards in relation to the accounting treatments to be given in various situations. Asset Impairment is one of those crucial situations which requires appropriate measurement and recognition in the financial statements of the company. Impairment of an asset has been defined in the Australian accounting standard as the situation when carrying value of the asset exceeds the amount that is recoverable from that particular asset. Accounting treatment to be followed in case of impairment of assets is prescribed in the AASB 136 issued by Australian Accounting Standard Board (Bond, Govendir Wells, 2016), (Ji, 2013). Any asset whether it is a tangible asset or an intangible one it may be subjected to impairment depending upon its characteristics. The assets that may be impaired have been commonly identified as plant and machinery, property plant and equipment, goodwill patents and the other intangible assets. An impairment loss on any individual asset must be recognised in the statement of profit and loss immediately as an expense (Amiraslani, Iatridis Pope, 2013). But, if the revaluation reserve is existing for that particular asset, impairment loss must be charged to the revaluation account to an extent revaluation reserve is carrying a credit balance to cover the loss. Any amount of impairment loss exceeding the balance of revaluation reserve must be taken to the profit or loss account (Vanza, Wells Wright, 2011). However, if the asset is not revalued previously the impairment loss on such asset must be directly charged to the profit or loss account. The company must also disclose the fact of asset impairment in the financial reports in accordance with the requirement of the accounting standard. At every year ending the company has to assess as to whether there exists any indication about the asset impairment. There are certain factors which may indicate the impairment of an asset. Such factors are classified under two categories i.e. external and internal factors (Laskaridou Vazakidis, 2013). Following are some of the factors that many cast an indication of impairment: External factors: The market value of the asset is decreased significantly than the expected decline out of due to normal usage or passing of time during the reporting period (Comiskey Mulford, 2010). Adverse technological, economical and legal environmental changes in the market with which asset is associated The rate of interest in the market or rate of investments have been significantly increased and such changes are likely going to negatively influence the discounting rate which is used to determine the value of asset. Internal factors: Obsolescence of asset or the asset is physically damaged. Evidence of the worst present or future economic performance of the asset is available. Significant adverse changes in the ways in which asset is presently used or will be used in future. Such as discontinuation plans of the asset or asset becoming disposable so early than the expected useful life. There must be a critical assessment of the information which indicates the possibility of impairment of an asset. Only after considering the true evidences of impairment indication, the impairment of an asset must be measured and recognised in the financial statements. Once the asset is impaired the carrying amount of the individual asset must be decreased to account for the impairment. The asset is considered to be impaired when its carrying value exceeds the amount recoverable on that asset. Carrying amount is the amount with which the asset is being carried in the financial statements of the company (Sun, Shipan Xia). This amount is calculated by deducting the accumulated depreciation from the historical cost of the asset. Recoverable amount of any asset is the amount which is identified as higher of two values i.e. the value in use and the fair value of asset. Value in use is the sum of estimated future cash flows from the asset. Recoverable amount is identified for every single individual asset in this business until or unless the asset do not generate the inflows of cash which are significantly depending on cash flows of other single or group of assets. If any of these two values exceeds the amount that is recorded in the financial statements then the asset is considered to be impaired (Amiraslani, Iatridis Pope, 2013). Therefore the amount with which the im pairment loss is to be recognised in the financial statement is the difference between the actual carrying value of the asset and the amount that is recoverable therefrom. While recognising the impairment loss if the loss amount exceeds the carrying amount of the asset, the company may create a liability regarding it but this is only possible if there is a requirement of any other standard of accounting. After recognising the loss of impairment, the amortisation cost or the remaining depreciation charges thereon must be allocated to the revised carrying amount on a systematic basis (Trottier, 2013). Therefore it is highly recommended to the companies possessing goodwill or any other intangible assets of like nature, to have an adequate system of impairment check for all the relevant and significant assets at yearly intervals so as to avoid the consequences of sudden decline in the values of the assets. However assets other than the intangible assets are required to checked for impairment only when there indications of impairment. Decline in the market value of the assets than the assets net value after depreciation charges is an important trigger for the Impairment testing. However, it there is any increase in the recoverable amount of an asset more than its net asset value then such an increment must be ignored. Asset Impairment requires immediate recognition as it a material loss in the economic value of the assets. Part B Computation of Impairment Loss of Gali Ltd. Amount. Plant less Accumulated depreciation 4,84,000.00 Equipment 1,11,000.00 Fittings 70,000.00 Inventory 30,000.00 Goodwill 25,000.00 Total 7,20,000.00 B. Recoverable amount (a) Value in Use 6,45,000.00 B. Recoverable amount 6,45,000.00 C. Impairment Loss (A-B) 75,000.00 Allocation of impairment loss Goodwill 25,000.00 Land 18,196.00 Accumulated Impairment Losses 31,804.00 Journal Entries of Impairment Loss for Gali Ltd Impairment Loss A/c Dr ... 75,000.00 To Goodwill A/c 25,000.00 To Equipment A/c 18,196.00 To Accumulated Impairment Losses 31,804.00 Accumulated Impairment Losses A/c Dr 31,804.00 To Profit Loss A/c 31,804.00 References Amiraslani, H., Iatridis, G.E. and Pope, P.F., 2013. Accounting for asset impairment.London: Cass Business School. Bond, D., Govendir, B. and Wells, P., 2016. An evaluation of asset impairments by Australian firms and whether they were impacted by AASB 136.Accounting Finance,56(1), pp.259-288. Comiskey, E.E. and Mulford, C.W., 2010. Goodwill, triggering events, and impairment accounting.Managerial Finance,36(9), pp.746-767. Ji, K., 2013. Better late than never, the timing of goodwill impairment testing in Australia.Australian Accounting Review,23(4), pp.369-379. Laskaridou, E.C. and Vazakidis, A., 2013. Detecting asset impairment management: Some evidence from food and beverage listed companies.Procedia Technology,8, pp.493-497. Sun, Shipan, and Xia Xu. "Study on the Asset Impairment Accounting."International Journal of Business and Management5, no. 6 (2010): 199. Trottier, K., 2013. The effect of reversibility on a manager's decision to record asset impairments.Accounting Perspectives,12(1), pp.1-22. Vanza, S., Wells, P.A. and Wright, A., 2011. Asset impairment and the disclosure of private information.

Essay on My Life Achievement Essay Example

Essay on My Life Achievement Paper My Life Achievement Essay Many people judge others by their life achievements such as educational level and material possession. Some clichà © of people argues that an individual’s life achievement shows their level of hard work and dedication. However, it is important to judge people not just by their past achievements, but also by the things they aspire to achieve in the coming days (Pajaczkowska, 2013). From that point of view, I appear to have attained a life achievement by graduating from college. The vision and goals I hope to achieve in life compels me to fix my eyes on the ball in order to attain them in the near future. In this paper, I would address my personal achievement, which is graduating from college. For some students, attending a college is a way to improve professionally while it is a way to improve one’s situation for others. For many students, attending a college is a path that will help them improve their family’s situation and make the community proud of them. I decided to join a college to gain professional skills that will allow me to get a decent job. I had goals that I wanted to achieve, and I believed getting a diploma will allow me to reach those targets. I also believed that a good college will enhance my socialization skills. I am happy that I managed to graduate despite various challenges that I encountered as an immigrant student. We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on My Life Achievement specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on My Life Achievement specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Essay on My Life Achievement specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I thank God that I graduated, but it was not easy for me. I was an immigrant student and the only member of my family to be in a college. There are many challenges that face immigrants’ students; they find it hard to get fees assistance from institutions that help students and also they may face cultural challenges. There are times I might have felt to give up, but I encourage myself to go forward and make an achievement. I could not allow those challenges to deter my ambition to graduate one day since I was determined to succeed. My family gave me moral support that was instrumental during my college days. As the first person in my family to join college and graduate, I hope to be a role model for other family members and friends who aspire to join college. I worked hard in order to graduate. I attended every lecture so that I could not miss any information from the professors. Apart from a few college mates, a majority of them were instrumental in my studies because they provided a good environment for learning. The contribution of my lecturers cannot be ignored; they were always ready to offer guidance concerning various questions that I asked them. When I see my diploma, I see myself as a successful person, and I count it as a life achievement. The college life gave me an opportunity to meet many students from different walks of life and enhance my socialization skills. I hope my graduation from college will serve to motivate other young people from my family and community. I hope they will learn from my perseverance and be motivated to study hard. Since I am now a graduate, I can apply for any job that I qualify because graduating from college has given me a key to open the door for jobs. I hope to impact my family, community and the entire world in a positive way. References Pajaczkowska, A. (2013). Jan Czochralski: Brief sketch of his life and achievements. Journal of Crystal Growth.

Unlock your ideas and write that document

Unlock your ideas and write that document The best way to unlock the information in your head So, you’ve got something you need to write. It might be a report you’ve had to do mountains of research on, until the facts and ideas are crowded and jostling against each other in your head. Or maybe it’s a document for which you have all the necessary facts in your mind already. Either way, now you need a way to get all that knowledge out of your head and onto the paper before you can go any further. But what’s the best way to do this? How can you easily unlock all the information you need? Enter, the mind map. Now, you may have tried using mind maps in the past and felt they didnt really work for you. But dont dismiss them just yet. In this video, Rob reveals how you can use them in different way: to tap into all the knowledge you already have (and realise the gaps in what you know that youll have to fill). Watch the video to see us demonstrate how to quickly put this simple but powerful tool to work, and hear Rob explain: the limitations of lists for planning a document, and a better way [0:27] why even using the better technique is not ideal [2:01] the tool you need to use instead of any kind of list [2:16] the important approach you need to take in setting up your mind map (and what you must avoid doing) [2:51] how you can use mind maps as part of your research process and to get past blocks [05:43]. This post is taken from a lesson in our online-training programme Emphasis 360, which improves your writing in practical, bite-sized weekly lessons. You can find out more about Emphasis 360 and preview more lessons for free here. Image credit: retrorocket / Shutterstock

Walmart VS. Target Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Walmart VS. Target - Research Paper Example An ancient business analyst, Fernandez, in his publication once depicted that business and humankind are inseparable (98). This shows that the success of business entities and that of humankind are dependant of each other. With the increasing need to sustain human need, numerous business entities have been put in place. The quality and manner of delivery of the products determine the success the organizations realize. It is arguable that human needs are better satisfied when there is free entry and exit into the market. This increases competition, lowering the product’s prices and ensuring better services and service delivery (Chapman 15). In the competition of big box retailers, it is hard for two different firms such as Wal-Mart and Target to achieve the same kind of success in their operation. The first factor that makes Wal Mart to be rated above target is that Wal-Mart provides locally grown products, products that provide energy efficiently, and policies of innovative internal recycling (Kipple, et. al. 174). This has made the company dominate in the market. However, it does not have fair policies for its workers and the wage rate hourly of $10.76 is arguably not impressive. The number of employees at Wal-Mart is around 2.1 million. This proves that the progress of the company is very evident (Murphy 57). Further, the company has expanded to 15 countries with 8,100 retail units. This means that the firm has won a bigger market share than Target. The average revenue recorded by the firm totals $405.6 billion annually. The annual revenue is the commonly used determinant of the company’s success. This means that the firm is successful. From Schwartz Ariel’s article, Sustainability Faceoff: Walmart vs. Target, the number of employees in Target is approximatel y 351,000, which is relatively lower than Wal-Mart. In the entire United States, the firm has initiated stores in 48 states, bringing the retail units to 1,684 stores. This

Personal Development Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Personal Development Plan - Essay Example It shall also evaluate team building theories and the implications for effective management of practice. Finally, this paper shall justify my managerial style within the workplace. In effect, this paper shall critically analyse the evidence base for the action plan with the application of current management theories. Discussion As stated in the personal development plan, I need to develop my communication skills. At present, my communication skills are limited and they need improvement; more particularly, my English speaking skills need improvement. Communication is an important part of effective management because it assists in my self-improvement and it aids in successful management (Adair, 2009, p. 4). By increasing reading materials, I can improve my reading and writing skills; and by enrolling in private English classes, I can improve my grammar and syntax, as well as my technical writing skills. These methods can help inject confidence into my speaking, reading, writing, and li stening skills (Lehman, 2007, p. 69). Improving communication is a basic need or skill which has to be fulfilled before I can move on to bigger goals. Fulfilling this need is very much in keeping with the theory as set forth by Abraham Maslow and his hierarchy of needs (Outward Bound, 2007, p. 56). There are different theories and motivation and leadership, and these theories affect the management of organizations. According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, people start off fulfilling first their physiological needs and then go on to fulfil their safety, social, esteem, and finally self-actualization needs (Owston, n.d). People therefore can be motivated by their basic needs and also by other more noble goals or causes. For some employees, their motivation in working can start off with the basic need to feed their families (Marchionini, 2006, p. 42). At this stage, they would not look beyond the purpose of their work besides feeding themselves and their family. However, once t heir basic purpose is served, they go beyond that basic goal into higher goals – perhaps, that of saving for their family, and later serving humanity through their work (Marchionini, 2006, p. 42). In my case, my motivation for improving on my communication and eventually my information technology (IT) skills is to maximize use of our organizations’ IT programs. In terms of leadership, the loftier goal for many world leaders has been on the motivation of their armies – with one side insisting that his goal has more moral worth than the others (Owston, n.d). In this case, some leaders may see the need to deliver pain or threats in order to motivate, and others believe that doing so would not be effective ways of motivating people. In other ways, promising more tangible things like money, food, and even excitement can serve better ways of motivating people (Owston, n.d). In managing change, Maslow’s approach to leadership basically welcomes change because a member or even a leader eventually moves up in the hierarchy of needs. Once he fulfils a need, he has to change and move beyond that need on to bigger and better things (Koltko-Rivera, 2006, p. 302). Maslow’s theory therefore, handles and manages change well. McGregor divided human management into the